History of Wu Style Tai Chi Chuan
Credits: International Wu Style Tai Chi Chuan Federation
A Classic Essay by Lu Ta-lu (1971)
Translated by Patricia N. H. Leong, Sifu of the Hawaii Academy
A long time ago during the reigns of Huo (1851) and Tung (1862) in the Ching Dynasty, Master Wu Chuan Yau was employed by the royal household. He was from the Ta-hsing district of the province of Hopei. At that time many Manchu princes studied a martial art, namely Tai Chi Chuan, in order to improve their health. They were taught by Master Master Yang Lu-chan and his son, Master Yang Pan-hou. Because they only taught Manchu princes or guards of the royal household, everyone thought that this was an aristocratic art. Further, because the body and arms in Tai Chi Chuan moved slowly, people thought it to be beneficial for health, but not equally useful as a martial art. People in general held this view and Master Wu Chuan Yau and others in the martial arts worlds were no exception.
A martial arts expert named Hsu Hsien-liu was not convinced. He said that one should not apply the term chuan or fist (which implies a fighting art) to Tai Chi Chuan. Upon hearing theses words, Master Yang Pan-hou replied that Tai Chi Chuan was indeed the Great Ultimate Fist which could be used for healing as well as for fighting, and proceeded to lift Hsu Hsien-liu with his gesturing hand. As a result, Hsu Hsien-liu bowed to Master Yang Pan-hou’s advanced kung-fu. From then on people began to regard Tai Chi Chuan with special respect.
Master Yang Pan-hou’s Tai Chi Chuan was separated into two divisions Big Circles and Small Circles. The Big Circles were used to promote health. This is what he taught to the Manchu princes in the capital. The Small Circles, however, were used for fighting applications, and this he would not teach frivolously. Master Wu Chuan Yau naturally studied only the Big Circles with Master Yang Pan-hou. However, studying the Big Circles with Master Yang Pan-hou was not easy, and he had to undergo great hardships.
When Master Yang Pan-hou taught people, he held to the principle of “no pain, no gain”. Every time he would Push Hands with his disciples, they would fall so often that they injured their arms and legs. Many Manchu princes and royal guards suffered so much that they stopped studying. At that time, among the royal guards, there were only three who had not quit, and Master Wu Chuan Yau was one of them. However, Master Wu Chuan Yau suffered so much from Master Yang Pan-hou’s brutal treatment that his left leg had become slightly lame.
What the Son didnt teach, the Father taught.
Master Wu Chuan Yau studied in this arduous way till he mastered the skills of the Big Circles; but he still knew nothing about the Small Circles. One day Master Yang Pan-hou wanted to leave Beijing and return to this old home in the district of Huang-ping. For this reason, his father took over his duties teaching the Manchu princes and the three hardy, but barely surviving royal guards. Master Yang Lu-chan noticed that Master Wu Chuan Yau’s left leg was slightly lame and asked him the reason. Master Wu Chuan Yau answered truthfully. However, he stressed that although this was the case, he still wished to continue training.